| S.N. |
Modes |
Total No. |
Symbol |
Groups |
No. of Modes in Zw/ Iso. Forms) |
| 1 |
Stretching |
24 |
ν |
C-C
C-H
C-OH
O-H
CH2
N-H, NH2
CO2/C=O
C-N |
9
5
1/2
1/2
2
3/2
2/1
1 |
| 2 |
In plane bending@ |
6 |
β |
C-H
C-O
C4-C12 |
4
1
1 |
| 3 |
Out of plane bending@ |
6 |
γ |
C-H
C-O
C4-C12 |
4
1
1 |
| 4 |
Twisting |
6/7 |
τ |
C-C
C-OH
NH3/ NH2
CH2 |
3
1/2
1
1 |
| 5 |
Rocking |
4/3 |
ρ, ρ’ |
NH3/ NH2
CH2
CO2/ COOH |
2/1
1
1 |
| 6 |
Wagging |
2/3 |
ω |
CH2
CO2/COOH
NH3/NH2 |
1
1
0/1 |
| 7 |
Scissoring |
2/3 |
δ |
CH2
CO2/COOH
NH3/NH2 |
1
1
0/1 |
| 8 |
Angle bending |
7/8 |
α |
C-C-C
C-C-N
H-C-N
C-O-H |
2
2
2
1/2 |
| 9 |
Deformation |
3/0 |
δ, δ’ |
NH3/NH2 |
3/0 |
| 10 |
Ring planar deformation |
3 |
α |
α(R) |
3 |
| 11 |
Ring non-planar deformation |
3 |
Φ |
Φ(R) |
3 |
|
