MIS + TJRA Cohort† (n=37) Control Cohort†
(n=37)		 Cost Difference§
(95% CI)		 P-value
Hospital Costs (Medicare Part A) $9,763 (9,696)
±1,165		 $13,895 (12,493)
±3,617		 $4,132
(2,939; 5,289)		 <0.001
Room and Board $2,679 (2,717)
±750		 $4,317 (4,146)
±1,299		 $1,638
(1,178; 2,095)		 <0.001
Medical/Surgical Supply $2,329 (2,752)
±709		 $3,449 (2,980)
±1,701		 $1,120
(600; 1,706)		 <0.001
Operating Room $2,524 (2,539)
±181		 $3,050 (3,061)
±398		 $526
(399; 667)		 <.001
Pharmacy $716 (667)
±194		 $906 (814)
±372		 $190
(52; 332)		 0.01
Anesthesia Supply $106 (148)
±60		 $199 (231)
±75		 $93
(64; 122)		 <0.001
Physician Costs (Medicare Part B) $2,053 (2,082)
±113		 $2,502 (2,378)
±571		 $449
(274; 650)		 <0.001
Anesthesia $336 (340)
±38		 $442 (428)
±94		 $106
(77; 138)		 <0.001
Total Costs $11,816 (11,822)
±1,195		 $16,398 (15,010)
±3,996		 $4,582
(3,299; 5,864)		 <0.001
*Estimated costs per patient are reported in 2004 constant dollars.
†Values are presented as mean (median) ± standard deviation
§ Intra-pair differences are calculated as Control minus (MIS + TJRA). Bootstrap 95% C.I. using the percentile method.
MIS=minimally-invasive surgery; TJRA=Total Joint Regional Anesthesia Clinical Pathway; C.I=Confi dence interval
Table 2: Hospital and Physician Costs of Total Joint Replacement Surgery.