Length of stay ICU (hours) 8.8±1.3 6.3±2.3 0.62 Fluid balance (ml) 3050±370 3200±360 0.83 Total bleeding (ml) 410±120 310±100 0.73 Ketobemidone (mg) 10.0±2.7 3.0±1.3 0.034 EDA (ml) 142±0 109±13 0.06 Metoclopramide (mg) 8±4 5±3 0.50 Data are given in mean±SEM. EDA: epidural analgesia, ICU: intensive care unit, TIVA: total intravenous anesthesia

Table 3: Postoperative characteristics during the study period.