Figure 4: Changes in 1,5-anhydroglucitol (1,5-AG) concentrations before surgery (pre) to 72 h after the initiation of surgery among all patients and patients with and without diabetes mellitus (total, DM and non-DM patient groups, respectively). **p<0.01 compared with preoperative concentrations in each group (paired Student’s t-test). Two-way repeated measure analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that serum 1,5-AG concentrations were significantly (p<0.01) lower in the DM patient group than in the total and non-DM patient groups.