Group Bradycardia Hypotension Nausea Ramsay sedation score5/6(mean) Group C 1 2 1 0/0 Group D1 3 4 2 3/0 Group D2 1 3 1 2/0 Total 5 9 4 5 • There were total of five patients presented with bradycardia given injection atropine. • There were total of nine patients presented with hypotension received injection phenylephrin. • There were total of four patients presented with nausea. • The median (range) of the highest Ramsay sedation score was 3 (2-5) in the group D1, 2 (1-4) in the group D2, and 1 (1-2) in the saline group. The maximum Ramsay sedation score was greater in the dexmedetomidine than in the saline group. Excessive sedation was observed in five patients of the dexmedetomidine group D1 (3) and D2 (2) respectively.

Table 8: Observed adverse effects.