Measure Placebo (n = 31) P150 (n = 28) Estimated between-group difference 95% Confidence interval p-value Pain at rest 1.3 ± 1.8 0.6 ± 0.8 0.65 ± 0.37 -0.09 to 1.39 0.08 Pain after movement 1.3 ± 1.5 1.2 ± 1.3 0.14 ± 0.37 -0.59 to 0.88 0.70 Oxycodone tablet consumption 0 (0–20) 0 (0–10) -0.26 ± 0.80 -1.86 to 1.35 0.72

Table 2: Primary outcomes at 24 h follow-up, Data presented as mean ± SE or median (range), Pain and oxycodone data analyzed by Mann-Whitney U-test.