Indication Number of studies Total number of patients Number of studies showing significant effects Anxiety - - - Sedation - - - Analgesia (pain scores and/or analgesic requirements) 1 [14] 60 1 [14] Sleep 2 [53,54] 56 1 [53] Delirium - - - Oxidative stress 4 [13,15,16,18] 334 4 [13,15,16,18] Sepsis 1 [12] 30 1 [12]

Table 2: The table documents all randomized studies investigating the effect of exogenous melatonin administration in patients in the intensive care unit.