Figure 2b: Change in heart rate during the study period. Group 1=Sitting up for 5 minutes after spinal anaesthetic administration; Group 2=Sitting up for 7 minutes after spinal anaesthetic administration; Group 3=Sitting up for 9 minutes after spinal anaesthetic administration. Heart rate decreased from baseline value in all groups during the study period (P=0.0.025 for test of within-subjects effects), but there was no difference among the study groups over time (P=0.793 for test of between-subjects effects). Data presented as mean (SD). BL=baseline; n=n minutes after administration of spinal anaesthetic; PACU=post-anesthesia care unit; D=discharge from PACU.