Target SSI Pathogen Total Plasma Muscle Subcutaneous
MS CPB+DHCA MS CPB+DHCA MS CPB+DHCA
2 μg/mL MSSA 100%
(97-100%)
100%
(100-100%)
100%
(100-100%)
100%
(100-100%)
100%
(96-100%)
100%
(100-100%)
16 μg/mL E. coliK. pneumoniae 48%
(28-76%)
100%
(100-100%)
67%
(60-73%)
78%
(55-99%)
60%
(38-82%)
79%
(56-100%)
32 μg/mL S. epidermidis
Enterobacter sp.
31%
(15-46%)
99%
(98-100%)
26%
(23-29%)
18%
(12-41%)
30%
(19-55%)
26%
(12-41%)
Each concentration target represents an estimated MIC90 of bacteria [31] potentially susceptible to cefazolin and known to cause SSIs in pediatric cardiac surgical patients. Abbreviations: MS = median sternotomy; CPB+DHCA = cardiopulmonary bypass with deep hypothermic circulatory arrest; μg = microgram; mL = milliliter; min = minutes; MSSA = methicillin sensitive Staphylococcus aureus; E. = Escherichia; K. = Klebsiella; S. = Staphylococcus; sp. = species.
Table 2: Estimated percentage of time during surgical procedure cefazolin concentrations spent above different concentration targets.