Significant pain at D6 post-surgery  
  No (n = 100) Yes (n = 28) P
Preoperative data
Age, yrs, mean ± SD
BMI, kg/m2, mean ± SD
Men
ASA score ³ 3
Diabetes mellitus
Alcoholism
Smoking
Cardiac disease
Vascular disease
Depressive syndrome
60.6 ± 8.3
25.8 ± 5.1
73 (73.0)
45 (45.0)
21 (21.0)
33 (33.0)
78 (78.0)
19 (19.0)
23 (23.0)
20 (20.0)
60.6 ± 10.1
25.0 ± 4.6
18 (64.3)
7 (25.0)
6 (21.4)
7 (25.0)
24 (85.7)
2 (7.1)
6 (21.4)
7 (25.0)
0.99
0.44
0.37
0.06
0.96
0.42
0.37
0.16
0.86
0.57
Peroperative data
Propofol dose, mg, median (IQR)
Remifentanil, mg, median (IQR)
Lidocaine mg, median (IQR)
Levobupivacaine dose, mg, median (IQR)
Operative time, min, median (IQR)
Muscle-sparing technique
Supra-lobar surgery
1560 (831–2180)
1.95 (1.51–2.65)
118 (100–200)
42.1 (32.5–57.1)
211 (168–246)
45 (46.9)
57 (58.1)  
1750 (1300–2060)
1.87 (1.52–2.32)
100 (50–175)
45.4 (33.7–58.2)
214 (186–245)
7 (26.9)
17 (65.3)  
0.35
0.61
0.10
0.64
0.68
0.07
0.50  
Postoperative data
Levobupivacaine daily dose, mg, median (IQR)
Numbers of days of TEA median (IQR)
Numbers of days of chest tube, median (IQR)
D1 NRS, median (IQR)
Total pulmonary complications
Atelectasis
Postoperative pneumonia
170 (120–98)
6 (5–6)
5 (5–6)
0 (0–2)
25 (25.0)
14 (14.0)
13 (13.0)
171 (125–218)
6 (5–6)
6 (5–6)
2 (0–3)
6 (21.4)
5 (17.9)
2 (7.1)
0.74
0.25
0.51
0.02
0.69
0.56
0.52
Table 3:Pain risk factors.