CVP: Central Venous Pressure; EDA: End Diastolic Area; ESA: End Systolic Area; EF: Ejection Fraction; PADP: Pulmonary Artery Diastolic Pressure

Figure 2: A schematic diagram showing the response of echocardiographic and hemodynamic indices to fluid bolus resuscitation, emphasizing the phenomenon of preload-intolerance. X-axis represents fluid bolus resuscitation. Y-axis represents response to fluid boluses. End diastolic, and end systolic areas, central venous and pulmonary artery diastolic pressures all increased, while ejection fraction decreased in response to fluid boluses.