| Treatment |
Effect on soil chemistry |
Effect on physical structure |
Effect on microorganism |
Approximate remediation cost (£/tonne) |
| Removal to landfill |
UN |
UN |
UN |
Up to 100 |
| Soil washing |
Y |
N |
N |
25-150 |
| Physico-chemical |
Y |
N |
N |
50-175 |
| Vapour Extraction |
Y |
Y |
Y |
75 |
| Solvent Extraction |
Y |
N |
UN |
50-600 |
| Chemical
n |
Y |
N |
UN |
175-450 |
| In situ Flushing |
Y |
Y |
UN |
25-80 |
| Surface amendments |
Y |
Y |
Y |
10-25 |
| Thermal Desorption |
Y |
N |
N |
25-225 |
| Incineration |
N |
N |
N |
50-1200 |
| WindrowTurning |
Y |
N |
Y |
10-50 |
| Land Farming |
Y |
N |
Y |
10-90 |
| Bioventing |
Y |
Y |
Y |
15-75 |
| Bioslurry |
Y |
N |
Y |
50-85 |
| Biopiles |
Y |
N |
Y |
15-35 |
| In Situ
Bioremediation |
Y |
Y |
Y |
175 |
|
