| Process |
Function |
Pollution |
Medium |
Plants |
Reference |
| Phytoextraction |
Removes metal pollutants that accumulate in plants,
Removes organics from soil by concentrating them in plant parts |
Cd,Pb,Zn,petroleum,hydrocarbons and radionuclide’s |
Soil & ground water |
Viola baoshanensis, Sedum alferedii, Rumexcrispus |
[46] |
| Phytotransformation |
Plants uptake and degrade organic compounds |
Xenobiotic substances |
Soil |
Cannas |
[47] |
| Phytodegradation |
Plants and associated microorganisms degrade organic pollutants |
DDT, Expolsivies and nitrates |
Ground water |
Elodea Canadensis, Pueraria |
[48] |
| Rhozofiltration |
Absorbs mainly metals from water and waste streams |
Cd,As,Pb,Zn |
Ground water |
Brassica juncea |
[4] |
| Phytostabilization |
Uses plants to reduce the bioavailability of pollutants in the environment |
Cu,Cd,Cr,Ni,Pb,Zn |
Soil |
Anthyllisvulneraria, Festucaarvernensis |
[49] |
|
