| Type of Drug Delivery System |
Trade Name |
Active Ingredient |
Breakthrough |
Disease |
Year of Approval |
| PEGylated proteins |
Adagen® |
PEGylated adenosine deaminase |
Increased circulation time and reduced immunogenicity |
Adenosine deaminase deficiency, Severe combined immunodeficiency disease |
FDA 1990 |
| Cimzia® |
PEGylated antibody |
Increases hydrodynamic radius, prolongs circulation and retention time, decreases proteolysis, decreases renal excretion |
Crohn’s disease, rheumatoid arthritis |
FDA 2008 |
| Nanocrystals |
Emend® |
Aprepitant as nanocrystal |
Increased bioavailability due to increased dissolution rate. |
Emesis, antiemetic |
FDA 2003 |
| Rapamune® |
Rapamycin (sirolimus) as nanocrystals formulated in tablets |
|
Immunosuppressant |
FDA 2002 |
| Polymer-based nano-formulations |
Copaxone® |
Glatiramer peptide |
Glatiramer is thought to divert as a “decoy” an autoimmune response against myelin |
Multiple Sclerosis |
FDA 1996/2014 |
| Genexol® |
Paclitaxel |
Passive targeting via EPR effect |
Metastatic breast cancer, pancreatic cancer (IV) |
South Korea 2001 |
| Protein–drug conjugates |
Abraxane® |
Nanoparticles formed by albumin with conjugated paclitaxel |
Passive targeting via EPR effect and may increase endothelial transcytosis |
Metastatic breast cancer, non-small-cell lung cancer (IV) |
FDA 2005 |
| Surfactant-based nano-formulations |
Estrasorb™ |
Emulsion of estradiol in soybean oil, polysorbate 80, ethanol, and water |
Increase drug solubilization |
Hormone replacement therapy during menopause |
FDA 2003 |
| Metal-based nano-formulations |
NanoTherm® |
Aminosilane-coated superparamagnetic iron oxide 15 nm nanoparticles |
Thermal ablation |
Local ablation in glioblastoma, prostate, and pancreatic cancer (intratumoral) |
Europe 2013 |
| Virosomes |
Gendicine® |
Recombinant adenovirus expressing wildtype-p53 |
Targeted gene therapy |
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma |
People’s Republic of China 2003 |
| |
Rexin-G® |
Gene for dominant-negative mutant form of human cycline G1 |
Targeted gene therapy Specificity achieved by targeting exposed collagen |
For all solid tumors |
Philippines 2007 |
