Figure 3: In vivo, NMI results from actual epilepsy patient studied intraoperatively showing late neurodegeneration. On the x-axis: oxidation potential (E/V) in millivolts (mV). On the y-axis: current (i/A) in microamperes. Minimal concentrations of dopamine (DA), homovanillic acid (HVA), serotonin (5-HT), and high concentrations of L-tryptophan (L-TP) (precursor to 5-HT), and neuropeptides (dynorphin and somatostatin) are present.