Impulse number per flask, frequency Diameter of the perforation (macroscopic) 25 I/flask, 1 Hz 0 cm 25 I/flask, 3 Hz 0 cm 25 I/flask, 5 Hz 0 cm 50 I/flask, 1 Hz 0 cm 50 I/flask, 3 Hz 0 cm 50 I/flask, 5 Hz 0 cm 100 I/flask, 1 Hz 0 cm 100 I/flask, 3 Hz 0 cm 100 I/flask, 5 Hz 0.2 cm 300 I/flask, 1 Hz 0.3 cm 300 I/flask, 3 Hz 0.4 cm 300 I/flask, 5 Hz 0.5 cm 600 I/flask, 1 Hz 0.5 cm 600 I/flask, 3 Hz 0.6 cm 600 I/flask, 5 Hz 0.8 cm

Table 1: Formation of perforations in the cell monolayer with no attached cells after applications of shockwaves ata distance of 5 cm from the ESWT applicator. Number of impulses dependent and frequency dependent increasein the size of perforation area was observed. The diameter was measured from the longest diagonal..