Control (n=10 ) DME group P-values*†
SDRT (n=27 ) CME (n=18 ) SRD (n=15) Combined (n=16) All (n=76) DME vs. control* Among 4 DME groups†
IL-6 2.08±1.67 (0.16-4.68) 69.22±51.22 (10.45-231.37) 114.31±31.42 (73.93-189.23) 36.01±26.19 (6.36-89.32) 98.09±34.66 (38.25-189.32) 79.42±47.89 (6.36-231.37) <0.001 <0.001
IL-8 6.14±2.45 (3.28-0.04) 25.86±18.17 (8.34-84.13) 26.34±9.99 (11.65-44.87) 22.70±10.66 (10.91-40.69) 20.87±11.34 (9.98-48.67) 24.30±13.74 (8.34-84.13) <0.001 0.531
IL-10 0.43±0.47 (0.04-1.53) 1.18±0.79 (0.09-2.69) 1.48±1.01 (0.19-4.20) 1.71±1.17 (0.43-5.56) 1.50±0.75 (0.43-3.12) 1.42±0.92 (0.09-5.56) <0.001 0.556
IL-13 0.78±0.31 (0.32-1.31) 0.93±0.38 (0.32-2.36) 0.94±0.23 (0.53-1.45) 0.95±0.29 (0.48-1.65) 1.05±0.23 (0.70-1.45) 0.96±0.30 (0.32-2.36) <0.001 0.447
MCP-1 723.25±146.24 (531.74–892.33) 1812.69±393.42 (1277.65-2495.45) 2195.58±382.52 (1556.76-2796.34) 1594.62±327.88 (1129.78-2137.33) 1690.53±448.40 (1032.45-2455.34) 1834.61±441.08 (1032.45-2796.34) <0.001 0.001
VEGF 21.91±9.42 (10.98-36.55) 54.71±15.96 (28.32-89.84) 50.75±14.68 (23.43-75.34) 31.97±9.82 (18.49-46.54) 49.21±21.11 (24.50-98.12) 48.13±17.72 (18.49-98.12) <0.001 <0.001
DME: Diabetic Macular Edema; SDRT: Diffuse Retinal Thickening; CME: Cystoid Macular Edema pattern; SRD : Serous Retinal Detachment;Combined: Combination of CME and SRD; IL: Interleukin; MCP:Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein; VEGF: Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor; Values shown are the mean ± standard deviation.*Kruskal-Wallis test or †Mann-Whitney test.
Table 3: Baseline cytokine levels in the aqueous humor in the diabetic macular edema and control group.