| Membrane a,b,c |
Molar ratio of GA to membrane [mmol mmol-1] |
Degree of cross-linking QPVA [%] |
| HTCC/QPVA-a |
0.20/2.2 |
9.1 |
| HTCC/QPVA-b |
0.30/2.2 |
13.7 |
| HTCC/QPVA-c |
0.45/2.2 |
20.4 |
| HTCC/QPVA-d |
0.60/2.2 |
27.4 |
| HTCC/QPVA-e |
0.90/2.2 |
41.1 |
| HTCC/QPVA-f |
1.10/2.2 |
50.3 |
aAll membranes were prepared using a same kind of HTCC and QPVA, the degree of quaternization (DQ) was 90.4% and 9.0%, respectively, determined by elemental analysis.
bThe molar ratio of EGDGE to composite membrane was 0.3/2.2 mmol mmol-1, having a degree of crosslinking (DC) of 13.1%.
cThe thickness of membranes was 45 nm, +/- 3 nm dry state. |
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