| Membranea,b,c |
Molar ratio of EDGE to membrane [mmol mmol-1] |
Degree of cross-linking HTCC [%] |
| HTCC/QPVA-1 |
0.20/2.2 |
8.8 |
| HTCC/QPVA-2 |
0.30/2.2 |
13.1 |
| HTCC/QPVA-3 |
0.43/2.2 |
19.7 |
| HTCC/QPVA-4 |
0.60/2.2 |
26.3 |
| HTCC/QPVA-5 |
0.90/2.2 |
39.4 |
| HTCC/QPVA-6 |
1.10/2.2 |
49.5 |
aAll membranes were prepared using a same kind of HTCC and QPVA, the degree of quaternization (DQ) was 90.4 % and 9.0 %, respectively, determined by elemental analysis.
bThe molar ratio of GA to composite membrane was 0.3/2.2 mmol mmol-1, having a degree of crosslinking (DC) of 13.7%.
cThe thickness of membranes was 35 nm, +/- 4 nm dry state. |
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