No Pathogenic Reference Designation method 1 L. interrogans [91] DNA relatedness using hydroxyapatite method 2 L. santarosai [91] DNA relatedness using hydroxyapatite method 3 L. weilii [91] DNA relatedness using hydroxyapatite method 4 L. borgpetersenii [91] DNA relatedness using hydroxyapatite method 5 L. noguchii. [91] DNA relatedness using hydroxyapatite method 6 L. kirschneri [90] DNA relatedness using quantitative slot blot hybridization method 7 L. alexanderi [93] DNA relatedness using hydroxyapatite method 8 L. alstonii*  (L. genomospecies1) [93] DNA relatedness using hydroxyapatite method 9 L. kmetyi [127] Phylogenetic  analysis of the 16S rRNA confirmed by DNA-DNA hybridization   Non pathogenic     10 L. biflexa [91] DNA relatedness using hydroxyapatite method 11 L. wolbachii [91] DNA relatedness using hydroxyapatite method 12  L. Vanthielii*  ( L. genomospecies3) [93] DNA relatedness using hydroxyapatite method 13 L. terpstrae*  (L.genomospecies4) [93] DNA relatedness using hydroxyapatite method 14 L. yanaganwae* ( L. genomospecies5) [93] DNA relatedness using hydroxyapatite method   Mixture of putative pathogenic and saprophytic serovars     15 L. meyeri [91] [170] [128] DNA relatedness using hydroxyapatite method Multi-lucus sequence based genotyping 16S rRNA gene sequencing and PFGE   Opportunistic/intermediate     16 L. inadai [91] DNA relatedness using hydroxyapatite method 17 L. fainei [121] Mapped restriction site polymorphisms in the rrs (165 rRNA) gene, Arbitrarily primed PCR, PFGE , PCR specific for the rrs gene of pathogenic leptospires, DNA-DNA  and Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA sequences 18 L. broomii [183] DNA–DNA relatedness, 16S rRNA gene sequence data and PFGE 19 L.wolffii [126] Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA 20 L.licerasiae [184] 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, and DNA-DNA hybridization analysis. * Leptospira genomospecies 1, 3, 4 and 5 as renamed according to International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes; Subcommittee on the taxonomy of Leptospiraceae Minutes of the closed meeting, 18 September 2007, Quito, Ecuador.

Table 1: Leptospira species and method of determination.