Antimicrobial agent Percentage (%) of resistant strains
A (31 strains) B (16 strains) C (10 strains)
Nanoparticles      
Silver 10 nm 0 0 0
Silver 20 nm 0 0 0
Gold 10 nm 0 0 0
Gold 20 nm 0 0 0
Copper 10 nm 0 0 0
Copper 20 nm 0 0 0
Antibiotics      
Amikacin 41.93 43.75 30
Ampicillin 74.19 75 80
Amoxicillin 67.74 62.5 70
Ceftriaxone 45.16 43.75 50
Chloramphenicol 70.96 56.25 70
Ciprofloxacin 32.25 31.25 30
Cefoxitin 41.93 37.5 40
Gentamycin 5 8 56.25 40
Kanamycin 19.35 18.75 20
Naildixic acid 22.58 25 20
Sulfisoxanole 87 75 80
Streptomycin 41.93 43.75 30
Tetracycline 80.64 75 80
Ceftiofur 22.58 12.5 20
Table 5: Comparison between the resistance of NPs and antibiotics against E. coli, S. typhimurium and St. aureus strains isolated from calves suffered from diarrhea