| Year/Author |
Test Article |
Results |
| 2012 MihyeJeong |
Oral administration with 5% Paecilomycessinclairii for 13 weeks in rats |
It had no significant effect on serum levels of BUN and creatinine. |
| 1993 Zhu-An Chen |
Oral administration with extracts of C. cicadae or Paecilomyces cicadae (60 g/kg) in mice |
It had no significant effect on mortality 72 h following treatment, with a LD50 of 14.2 ± 2.1 g/kg and 12.5 ± 2.1 g/kg. |
| 2004 Jie-Min Song |
Oral administration with C. cicadae for 7 days in mice |
The maximum tolerable dose of C. cicadae was 80 g/kg, which was 444 times higher than that the clinically recommended dose. |
| 2009 Seung Jun Kwack |
Oral administration with extracts of C. cicadae or Paecilomyces cicadae for 14 days in mice |
It had no significant effect on mortality, with a LD50 of 5 g/kg. There were no other abnormalities except for decreased thymus weight presented in male mice. |
| 2013 Shu-HsingYeh |
Feed adding 5% C. cicadae mycelium produced using artificial fermentation method |
No toxic effect was observed after 28 days of feeding experiment in pig. |
| 2015 Jui-Hsia Hsu |
C. cicadae mycelium |
No cytotoxic or mutagenic potential in the Ames test at levels of up to 5 mg/plate. In the chromosomal aberration test, C. cicadae mycelium also showed no genetic toxicology when exposed to the CHO-K1 cells in the presence and absence of a metabolic activation system derived from rat liver S9 mix at levels of up to 5 mg/ml. Moreover, no C. cicadae mycelium-related increase was observed in the bone marrow cell micronucleus test at levels of up to 5,000 mg/kg BW. Additionally, C. cicadae mycelium did not interfere with mouse bone marrow hematopoiesis in the proportion of polychromatic erythrocytes in the peripheral blood. |
| 2015 Yen-Lien Chen |
Oral administration with C. cicadae for 90 days in rats |
No toxic effect was observed and the no-observed-adverse-effect-level (NOAEL) of C. cicadae whole broth is greater than 2000 mg/kg (as 114.3 times of recommended daily dosage for human) for rats. |
