LMP Relevant functions Examples of major interactions Evidence for role in oncogenesis References
LMP-1 Constitutively activated receptor functionally homologous to CD40 / mimics CD40 signaling. Activates the NFkB, JNK kinase, JAK/STAT, MAPK and PKC pathways. Up-regulates anti-apoptotic proteins, including A20 and BCL2. Induces cell adhesion and immune regulatory membrane proteins. Inhibits DNA repair and induces micronuclei formation, chromosomal aberrations, and genomic instability. RAF 1,2,3, TRADD BRAM 1 LMP-2A Yes (anti-apoptotic effect; survival of lymphoma cells; tumors in transgenic animals) [105-111]
LMP-2A Interacts with Src- and Syk-families of tyrosine kinases. Activates PI3 kinase and the downstream phosphorylation of PKB. Mimics a BCR-like activation signal / provides B cells with survival signals in the absence of normal BCR signaling. Blocks lytic cycle / maintains viral latency. Blocks BCR activation. Induces epithelial cell mobility and invasion. Promotes lymphoma cell survival via TRAF2 regulation of NF-κB. Src-family tyrosine kinases (Src, Lyn, Lck) Syk-family tyrosine kinases (Syk, ZAP-70) AIP4/Nedd4 Yes (survival of B-cells and lymphoma cells; cell migration and invasion) [112-118]
LMP-2B Modulates LMP-2A function LMP-2A No
AIP4: Atrophin-1-Interacting Protein 4 (Nedd4-Like E3 Ubiquitin Ligase); BCR: B-Cell Receptor; BRAM: BMP Receptor Associated Molecule; JAK: Janus Kinase; JNK: CJun N-Terminal Kinases; LMP: Epstein Barr Virus-Encoded Latent Membrane Protein; MAP: Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase; NEDD4: Neural Precursor Cell Expressed Developmentally Down-Regulated Protein 4 (E3 Ubiquitin Ligase); Nfκb: Nuclear Factor κB; RAF: Rapidly Accelerated Fibrosarcoma Kinases; PKB: Protein Kinase B:Also Known As Akt; Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Type 1-Associated DEATH Domain Protein; Src: Short For “Sarcoma” (Tyrosine Kinase); Syk: Spleen Tyrosine Kinase (Member Of The Syk Family Tyrosine Kinase); TRAF: TNF Receptor Associated Factor; ZAP-70: Zeta-Chain-Associated Protein Kinase 70
Table 3: Functions and interactions of the EBV latent membrane proteins (LMP).