| Clinical characteristics of the study population |
| |
PAF Group (29) |
Chronic AF
Group (9) |
Control Group (21) |
| Age |
67 (± 9.8) |
69 (± 9.6) |
62 (± 15.3) |
| Gender male/female |
18/11 |
6/3 |
10/11 |
| Sinus bradycardia |
1 (3%) |
|
|
| Hypertensive crisis |
2 (7%) |
|
|
| Coronary 1 vessel
disease |
3 (10%) |
|
3 (14%) |
| Coronary 2 vessel
disease |
1 (3%) |
|
1 (5%) |
| Coronary 3 vessel
disease |
3 (10%) |
|
|
| Ischemic
cardiomyophathy |
|
1 (11%) |
|
| Unselected chronic
heart disease |
1 (3%) |
|
2 (10%) |
| Diabetes mellitus |
1 (3%) |
|
|
| Sinus tachycardia |
|
1 (11%) |
|
| Orthostatic disorder |
|
1 (11%) |
|
| Medication |
|
|
|
| Beta-blocking-agents |
22 (76%) |
4 (44%) |
12(57%) |
| Calcium-channelblockers |
1 (3%) |
1 (11%) |
|
| ACE inhibitor |
3 (10%) |
|
|
| AT1 inhibitor |
3 (10%) |
|
|
| Digitalis |
2 (7%) |
1 (11%) |
|
| No medication |
|
|
3 (14%) |
