Vehicle (n=13) LPS (n=16) LPS+4F (n=13) baseline 24hr % change baseline 24hr % change baseline 24hr % change BW (g) 316 ± 10 315 ± 11 -1 ± 1 303 ± 8 279 ± 9 -8 ± 1 * 302 ± 10 282 ± 12 -7 ± 1 * IVSd (mm) 1.51 ± 0.06 1.51 ± 0.04 1 ± 4 1.50 ± 0.04 1.79 ± 0.06 20 ± 3 * 1.54 ± 0.06 1.62 ± 0.06 7 ± 6 # PWd (mm) 1.44 ±  0.07 1.45 ± 0.07 1 ± 4 1.41 ±  0.05 1.81 ± 0.09 30 ± 8 * 1.54 ±  0.05 1.64 ± 0.04 8 ± 4 # LVEDd (mm) 8.10 ±  0.16 8.07 ± 0.14 1 ± 1 7.95 ± 0.12 6.95 ± 0.15 -13 ± 1 * 7.86 ± 0.19 7.43 ± 0.24 -5 ± 2 *,# EDV (mL) 0.56 ± 0.03 0.56 ± 0.03 -1 ± 4 0.53 ± 0.02 0.36 ± 0.02 -32 ± 3 * 0.52 ± 0.04 0.45 ± 0.04 -13 ± 7 # IVSs (mm) 2.48 ± 0.11 2.43 ± 0.08 -1 ± 4 2.53 ± 0.06 2.66 ± 0.06 6 ± 2 2.55 ± 0.06 2.43 ± 0.07 -4 ± 5 PWs (mm) 2.44 ±  0.06 2.55 ± 0.09 5 ± 3 2.36 ±  0.09 2.68 ± 0.10 16 ± 6 2.44 ±  0.08 2.61 ± 0.07 8 ± 5 LVESd (mm) 5.06 ±  0.17 4.95 ± 0.12 -1 ± 3 4.97 ± 0.15 4.38 ± 0.09 -11 ± 2 4.89 ± 0.20 4.65 ± 0.27 -4 ± 6 ESV (mL) 0.14 ± 0.01 0.13 ± 0.01 -6 ± 8 0.13 ± 0.01 0.09 ± 0.01 -27 ± 6 0.13 ± 0.02 0.12 ± 0.02 -11 ± 14 FS 0.38 ± 0.02 0.39 ± 0.01 5 ± 6 0.38 ± 0.01 0.37 ± 0.01 -1 ± 4 0.38 ± 0.01 0.38 ± 0.02 -1 ± 6 EF (%) 75 ± 2 77 ± 1 3 ± 3 75 ± 2 74 ± 1 -1 ± 3 76 ± 1 75 ± 3 -1 ± 4

Table 1: Effects of LPS administration and 4F treatment on cardiac dimensional changes. Data are the mean ± SEM and are presented as absolute values and as percent changes within each group over the 24 hr study period. *(P < 0.05) denotes a significant difference compared to sham-operated rats. # (P < 0.05) denotes a significant difference compared to LPS-treated rats.