Medication at 15 min before furosemide Rhythm RR interval duration (msec) before furosemide medication (per 5 min.) RR interval duration (msec) after furosemide
Time after furosemide (post-furosemide time) (min)
95 100 110 120 130 140 150
Time after medication application (post-therapy time) (min)
110 115 125 135 145 155 165
CONTROL(saline 5ml/kg i.p.) ¥ sinus rhythm 177±2.1 201±1.1 201.8±1.9 200.2±1.7 201.7±2.2 201.9±2.1 201.6±2.4 201.7±2.1
ventricular tachycardia - 293.2±3.5 286.7±4.1 299.2±2.4 273.4±2.5 288±3.1 288.4±3.7 285.3±1.7
third-degree AV block - 99.4±2.1 101.4±2.6 97.3±3.7 95.6±2.5 100.5±1.8 97.8±1.6 93.6±4.1
BPC 10μg/kg i.p. ¥ sinus rhythm 188±2.1 160±2.1† 168.1±2.† 167.9±2.† 166.9±2.† 169.1±1.† 169.8±2.† 172.2±2†
ventricular tachycardia - - - - - - - -
third-degree AV block - - - - - - - -
BPC 10ng/kg i.p. ¥ sinus rhythm 181±1.5 170±1.9 † 175.2±2.2† 174.1±2.1† 171.1±2.3† 177.1±1.9† 178.3±1.9† 179.5±27†
ventricular tachycardia - - - - - - - -
third-degree AV block - - - - - - - -
CONTROL(saline 5ml/kg i.g.) ¥ sinus rhythm 180.2±2.8 203.7±2.1 202.9±2.2 202.5±1.9 202.2±2.6 202.0±2.8 202.3±2.1 201.9±2.6
ventricular tachycardia - 299.1±4.1 293.4±3.8 287.3±3.7 288.1±2.5 289.1±3.1 293±4.1 295.3±2.8
third-degree AV block - 99.1±3.4 101.5±2.6 97.8±2.2 98.8±2.5 96.4±3.1 94.5±2.8 92.1±4.1
BPC 10μg/kg i.g. ¥ sinus rhythm 185.2±2.4 202.6±1.9 176.4±2.6† 175.8±2.7† 175.1±2.9† 174.3±2.1† 174.9±2.4† 173.5±2.1 †
ventricular tachycardia - - - - - - - -
third-degree AV block - - - - - - - -
BPC 10ng/kg i.g. ¥ sinus rhythm 183.9±1.9 203.1±2.5 179.8±2.1† 179.2±2.8† 179.0±2.7† 178.8±2.2† 178.4±1.7† 178.1±2.2 †
ventricular tachycardia - - - - - - - -
third-degree AV block - - - - - - - -
Table 5A: Effects of hypokalemia on RR interval duration (msec) during sinus rhythm, ventricular tachycardia, third-degree AV block. BPC 157 (intraperitoneally or intragastrically) was given prophylactically before furosemide (100 mg/kg intraperitoneally). Values are mean ± SEM. ¥ - Two-way ANOVA with repeated measure on one factor (P<0.05) difference between measurements depends on group membership.†P<0.05 significantly different from control values.