| Study |
Investigation Type/Model |
Animal Class |
Dose |
Result |
| Ischemic Heart Disease +/- Reperfusion Studies |
|
|
|
| Sato M et al. [38] |
Ischemia/reperfusion |
Rat |
10 µM |
Decreased infarct size |
| Hung LM et al. [39] |
Ischemia/reperfusion by temporary occlusion of Left Main coronary artery |
Rat |
0.23,2.3,23 µg/kg |
Decreased incidence of ventricular fibrillation and tachycardia, decreased LDH, and increased vascular NO |
| Imamura G et al. [40] |
Ischemia/reperfusion |
Mouse |
10 µM |
Decreased infarct size and apoptosis |
| Bradamante S et al. [41] |
Ischemia/reperfusion 24 hrs. after treatment |
Rat |
1 mg/kg |
Functional recovery improvement and increased coronary flow |
| Das S et al. [42] |
Ischemia/reperfusion |
Rat |
2.5 mg/kg |
Functional recovery improvement, decrease in infarct size and apoptosis, induction of VEGF, eNOS, iNOS |
| Dernek S et al. [43] |
Ischemia/reperfusion |
Rat |
20 µM |
Post ischemic recovery improved with chronic treatment, only partial protection with acute dosing |
| Kaga S et al. [44] |
LAD occlusion |
Rat |
1 mg/kg |
Improved ventricular function, decreased infarct size, increased VEGF expression |
| Coronary Risk Factor Studies |
| Wang Z et al. [45] |
Hyperlipidemia |
Rabbit |
3 mg/kg |
Decreased thoracic intima layer thickness and plaques, block of dilation by flow mediation |
| Auger C et al. [46] |
Hyperlipidemia |
Hamster |
0.1428 mg/kg |
Decreased Aortic fatty streak accumulation |
| Fukaw H et al. [47] |
Endothelial injury |
Mouse |
9.6, 96 mg/kg |
Decrease in thrombus size and atheroma |
| Zou JG et al. [48] |
Endothelial function |
Rabbit |
3 mg/kg |
Increase in endothelin, decrease of NO blocked |
| Wang Z et al. [49] |
Platelet aggregation |
Rabbit |
4 mg/kg |
Reduced platelet aggregation |
| Arichi H et al. [50] |
Triglyceride synthesis |
Mouse |
25, 50 mg/kg |
Reduced hepatic and adipose lipogenesis |
