NS-5 Resveratrol Quercetin d-Tocotrienol
  ‡MicroRNA Pre-dose Post-dose Post-dose Post-dose Post-dose
% % % % %
I Cardiovascular disease
a Up-regulation
1 miRNA-7a 100 128 ± 1.41** 124 ± 2.55** 116 ± 1.24* 113 ± 1.74*
2 miRNA-10b 100 203 ± 1.03** 123 ± 2.00** 180 ±1.52** 153 ± 5.25**
3 miRNA-15a 100 147 ± 3.14** 131 ± 1.16** 127 ± 0.66** 120 ± 0.53**
4 miRNA-16 100 231 ± 2.83** 209 ± 1.90** 127 ± 1.04** 131 ± 1.26**
5 miRNA-20a 100 252 ± 2.4**2 209 ± 7.73** 146 ± 6.08** 176 ± 5.15**
6 miRNA-21 100 242 ± 0.94** 192 ± 5.20** 123 ± 1.02** 129 ± 3.33**
7 miRNA-29a 100 217 ± 1.49** 123 ± 1.63** 115 ± 5.33* 206 ± 2.48**
8 miRNA-92a 100 245 ± 1.09** 163 ± 2.64** 119 ± 0.88* 239 ± 4.07**
9 miRNA-126a 100 251 ± 1.78** 174 ± 4.65** 167 ± 2.84** 158 ± 2.10**
10 miRNA-133a 100 237 ± 2.52** 130 ± 5.23** 125 ± 3.69** 195 ± 3.40**
11 miRNA-200 100 168 ± 3.60** 125 ± 1.89** 136 ± 0.91** 147 ± 5.56**
12 miRNA-206 100 148 ± 2.78** 133 ± 1.25** 119 ± 1.44* 122 ± 2.77*
b Down-regulation
13 miRNA-499 100 42 ± 1.88** 58 ± 1.97** 71 ± 1.65** 54 ± 3.96**
II Inflammation
c Up-regulation
14 miRNA-373 100 182 ± 4.61** 123 ± 2.05** 174 ± 2.41** 170 ± 4.39**
15 miRNA-93 100 391 ± 1.79** 150 ± 3.35** 122 ± 2.84** 332 ± 2.78**
16 miRNA-192 100 245 ± 4.76** 181 ± 1.32** 204 ± 3.61** 219 ± 3.45**
17 miRNA-216a 100 289 ± 6.85** 250 ± 3.98** 250 ± 4.95** 147 ± 2.47**
18 miRNA-503 100 345 ± 1.70** 271 ± 1.60** 163 ± 2.10** 127 ± 1.61**
d Down-regulation
19 miRNA-101a 100 71 ± 0.96** 82 ± 1.06* 42 ± 1.57** 84 ± 1.96*
20 miRNA-125a 100 36 ± 2.47** 64 ± 5.20** 53 ± 1.39** 67 ± 0.93**
21 miRNA-155 100 39 ± 2.92** 72 ± 2.53** 47 ± 3.37** 46 ± 2.16**
22 miRNA-223 100 22 ± 1.34** 74 ± 0.84** 67 ± 1.05** 29 ± 2.01**
III Aging
e Down-regulation
23 miRNA-146a 100 33 ± 2.46** 71 ± 3.02** 53 ± 3.33** 36 ± 1.10**
* - **Values in a row sharing a common asterisk are significantly different at *P<0.01; **P<0.001.
‡ The Effects of δ-tocotrienol on miRNAs-7a, miR-15a, miR-20a, miR-21, miR-29a, miR-92a, miR-200, miR-206 (in BJMMR. 2015; 6(4): 351-366), and miR-16-1, miR-125, miR-133a, miR-155, miR-223, miR-372, miR-10b, miR-18a, miR-214 (in JCEC. 2015; 4:6. 1000367). have been reported. These miRNAs of δ-tocotrienol were included for comparison purpose only.
Table 7: The effects of variouscom pounds on plasma circulating microRNAs (miRNA), the novel biomarkers for cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes, and aging process in hypercholesterolemic humans.