Rotinely If needed
Deep breathing exercises 37 (82%) 2 (4%)
Incentive spirometry 36 (80%) 5 (11%)
Diaphragmatic breathing 23 (51%) 15 (33%)
Sustained maximal inspiration 19 (42%) 12 (27%)
Pursed lips breathing 16 (36%) 12 (27%)
Inspiratory muscle training 16 (36%) 11 (24%)
CPAP 3 (7%) 16 (36%)
PEP breathing 0 (0%) 0 (0%)
Data are presented as the number (and percentage) of physical therapists (n=45) CPAP: Continuous positive airway pressure; PEP: positive expiratory pressure
Table 3: Specific breathing exercises given to cardiac surgery patients during the first postoperative days.