Figure 1: Hematopoietic stem cell-based therapy for HIV disease (adopted from Kiem et al. [20]. Long-lived, self-renewing, multilineage hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) selected such that their progeny resist HIV-1 infection (such as HSCs from donor harboring CCR5Δ32 mutation). The host could thereafter be repopulated with a hematopoietic system (including CD4+ T cells and myeloid targets for HIV) that is resistant to the replication and spread of R5-tropic strain of HIV-1.