Cancer immunotherapy approaches using macrophages Type Name Result Cytokine/chemokine IFN-α and IFN-β Inhibits tumor progression Induce apoptosis in cancer cells Induce differentiation of monocytes to macrophages CCR2 Prevents recruitment of monocytes/macrophages to the tumor site Anti-MIF shRNA Depletes M2 macrophage population from tumor site Inorganic molecules MENK Polarized macrophages from M2 to M1 Downregulates CD2016, arginase 1, and IL-10 Upregulates CD64, MHC-IL, TNF-α, and nitric oxide Bisphosphonates Induce apoptosis in TAMs Reduce the number of infiltrating TAMs to the tumor site Impairs angiogenesis Cationic polymers (PEI, polylysine, cationic dextran and cationic gelatin) Induces Th1 response Induce proliferation of CD4+ cells Induce upregulation of IL-12in macrophages Vesicles Liposomes Deplete IL-1β producing cancer cells Inhibits production of angiogenic factor (VEGF-A, IL-8, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1)

Table 1: Summary of cancer immunotherapy approaches.