| miRNA |
Targets |
Function of miRNA |
Model |
Reference |
Normal pregnancy status |
| miR-148 |
HLA-G |
Down-regulates HLA-G expression |
JEG-3 cells
Human placenta (extravillous trophoblast) |
[32,35] |
Down-regulated |
| miR-148a |
HLA-C |
Down-regulates HLA-C expression |
Cell line |
[34] |
Down-regulated |
| miR-152 |
HLA-G |
Down-regulates HLA-G expression |
Human placenta (extravillous trophoblast) |
[35] |
Down-regulated |
| miR-181 |
Suppression of nemo-like kinase |
Development of NK cells |
Human CD34+cells
Human placenta |
[37] |
Down-regulated in 1st trimester
Up-regulated in 3rd trimester |
| miR-155 |
FoxP3 |
Promotes development of Treg cells in thymus and spleen |
miR-155 deficient mice |
[49] |
Down-regulated (progesterone down-regulates miR-155) |
| miR-155 |
Socs1 |
Promotes Th17 differentiation and IL-17 production |
BALB/c T cells |
[60] |
Down-regulated (progesterone down-regulates miR-155) |
| miR-17 and 19b |
miR-19b: PTEN
miR-17: TGFbRII and CREB1 |
Inhibit iTreg differentiation |
Mice |
[51] |
Some miRNAs of this cluster are up-regulated in normal pregnancy |
| miR-17 and 19b |
PTEN, TGFb-RII and TGFb1 |
Block target mRNA |
Villous human samples |
[25] |
Some miRNAs of this cluster are up-regulated in normal pregnancy |
| miR-17, 92a |
Presumed to target multiple signaling molecules |
Regulate proliferation and apoptosis of Tregs |
miR-17-92 cluster deficient mice |
[50] |
Up-regulated in normal pregnancy |
| miR-19a |
HLA-G |
Down-regulates HLA-G expression |
BALB/c mice |
[33] |
Down-regulated |
| miR-326 |
Ets-1 |
Down-regulates Ets expression and promotes Th17 differentiation |
Patients with multiple sclerosis and mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis |
[58,59] |
Unknown
Presumed to be down-regulated in normal pregnancy |
| miR-29a |
IFN-g mRNA |
Down-regulates IFN-g in NK, CD4+ an CD8+ cells |
Mice infected with Listeria monocytogenes and Mycobaterium bovis |
[29] |
Up-regulated in normal third trimester placentas |
| miR-29a |
p85-ανδχδχ42 |
Up-regulates p53, promotes apoptosis in p53 independent manner |
HeLa cells
Porcine model
Human placentas |
[7,18,21] |
Up-regulated in endometrium and trophoblast associated with normal pregnancy
Up-regulated in normal third trimester placentas |
| miR-125b |
IRF-4 and BLIMP-1 |
Affects plasma cell differentiation |
Pregnant human plasma samples |
[65] |
Up-regulated |
| miR-126 |
TLR7, 9 and VEGFR2 |
Survival and function of plasmacytoid dendritic cells
Promotes angiogenesis |
Knockout mice |
[68,69] |
Present in normal pregnancy
Decreased in idiopathic recurrent pregnancy loss |
| miR-34a |
Foxp1 |
Blocks B cell development |
C57BL/6 mice, WEHI-231 cells and 70Z/3 cells |
[66] |
miRNA-34 family up-regulated in third trimester |
