PRR Coccidioidal component Effect References TLR2 TLR4 Dectin-1 MR SP-A SP-D Unidentified Unidentified b-glucans Mannan Unidentified Unidentified Low TNF-a, MIP-2 and IL-6 levels Low fungal burden in spleen High TNF-a, MIP-2, IL-12 and IL-6 levels Spherule binding to DC uptake/phagocytosis ? uptake/phagocytosis ? [41] [42] [41,51] [33] [60] [60] PRR: Pattern Recognition Receptors; PAMP: Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns; TLR: Toll-like Receptor; MR: Mannose Receptor; SP: Surfactant Protein; DC: Dendritic Cell

Table 1: Interaction between PRRs and coccidioidal PAMP components, and its effect.