Figure 2: Pathways of miRNA release from hepatocytes after exposure to a hepatotoxic drug. The cellular level of a given miRNA may be increased or decreased leading to corresponding changes in the amount of miRNA released from the cell. miRNA release processes may be altered such as A) microparticles, B) exosomes, and C) protein complexes. Apoptotic or necrotic cell death compromises the cell membrane causing leakage of miRNA.