Figure 8: Schematic representations of the possible molecular mechanisms of resveratrol-mediated angioprevention involved in chemoprevention of experimental hepatocarcinogenesis. COX-2, cyclooxygenase-2; DENA, diethylnitrosamine; HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; HIF-1a, hypoxia-inducible factor-1a; iNOS, inducible nitric oxide synthase; NF- B, nuclear factor-?B; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor. DENA upregulates HIF-1a and NF-?B, which in turn, results in an elevated expression of VEGF directly or indirectly through COX-2 and iNOS. Multiple targets for interference with resveratrol are shown by different numbers. 1 and 2: based on the results of this study; 3 and 4: based on ref. [30] and 5: based on ref. [31].