| Method |
Detection and Limit of Detection |
Advantages |
Limitations |
| Radioimmunoassay |
|
Good sensitivity |
- Time consuming
- Difficulty in handling and disposing of radioisotopes
|
| ELISA |
- Colorimetric, Fluorescence,Chemiluminescence
- pg/ml in buffer, urine, serum, plasma and tissues
|
High sensitivity |
- Cross reactivity
- Non-specific binding
- Labor intensive
- Time consuming
|
| Lateral Flow Assay |
- Colorimetric Fluorescence
|
Simple, fast and reliable |
Qualitative only |
| PCR |
|
- Specific
- Sensitive
- Quantitative
|
- Expensive
- Time consuming
- Requires skilled person
- Indirect method
|
| ImmunoPCR |
- Immunological analysis with DNA amplification
- fg/ml in buffer, serum.
|
High sensitivity |
- Time consuming
- Huge reagent consumption
- Expensive
|
| Mass Spectrometry |
- Ionization of molecule
- ng/ml in buffer, milk, serum, plasma, juice, saliva and environmental samples.
|
- High sensitivity
- High resolution
- High specificity
- Quantitative
- Simplified sample preparation
- Detects functional ricin in conjugation with immunocapture analysis
|
- Expensive
- High throughput screening not possible
- Susceptible to background interference.
|
