interventions for cancer

PHYSICAL THERAPY INTERVENTIONS FOR CANCER RELATED PAIN
S.no	Physical therapy interventions	Beneficial effects
	Relaxation massage, Relaxation techniques- Body positioning, Positioning with pillows	Alleviate pain, reduces edema, skin stimulation, reduces anxiety, promotes sleep, and reduces muscle tensions.
2.	Breathing control, Active Cycle of Breathing (ACBT) and Breathing exercises	Alleviates pain, Controls breathlessness, removal of secretion, reduce airway obstruction, enhances thoracic mobility and expansion, improves ventilation-perfusion ratio and reduces fatigue.
3.	Biofeedback	Pain relief, muscle relaxations, controlling blood pressure and heart rate.
4.	Electro-physical modalities-TENS, Heat and Cold	Pain relief
5.	Manual physical therapy- Muscle stretching, manual lymphatic drainage, compression garments, soft tissue mobilizations, passive joint mobilizations, joint distraction, traction, trigger release and high velocity thrust.	Reduce muscle tension, reduces edema, improves range of motion, alleviates pain and improves flexibility
6.	Exercise- Free active exercise, progressive resisted exercise, ambulation training, aerobic exercises, aquatic exercise, Pilate exercise, postural care and re education, balance training, Proprioceptive Neuro muscular Facilitation (PNF) exercises and isometric exercises.	Improves quality of life, reduces fatigue, improves strength, improves endurance, improves pain threshold, reduces incidence of fall, reduces edema, improves posture and alleviates pain.
7.	Activity modification, Imagery or visualization, patient education and behavioural training.	Alleviates pain, reduces fatigue, improves exercise adherence, improves quality of life and reduces depression.
Note: All standard precaution and contraindication must be strictly followed during prescription or application of the above interventions.

Table 2: List of Physical therapy interventions for cancer patients.