Catalyst composition Preparation method Catalyst loading Pollutant concentration pH UV source (nm) Processing time Photodegradation efficiency (%) Ref. TiO2   0.5 g/L 20 mg/L 8 365 298k for 60 min 93.34 This work TiO2 (P25)   1 g/L 55 mg/L - 254 (O2) 480min >99 [16] TiO2 Hydrothermal 1 g/L 10 mg/L - 350     [17] Mesoporous TiO2   0.5 g/L 5ppm - 254 90min >76 [18] ZnO   0.5 g/L 20 mg/L 8 365 298K for 60 min 95.02 This work ZnO   0.5 g/L 5ppm 8 254 (O2) 11min > 99 [8]

Table 4: Comparative chart of photocatalytic degradation of Congo red on various catalysts.