Process pH SEV (l/kg) BOD COD TSS TDS Oil&Gas pH
kg per 1000 kg of product
Desizing                
Enzyme starch 6-8 2.5-9 45.5 91 89 5 5 6-8
Acid starch 6-8   45.5 91 89.5 7.5 5 6-8
Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) 6-8   2.5 5 5 48 2.5 6-8
Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) 6-8   4 8 5 45 9.5 6-8
Scouring                
Unmercerised greige fabric 12.5 2.5-43 21.5 64.5 5 50 40 12.5
Mercerised greige fabric 12.5   16.5 49.5 5 50 30 12.5
Mercerising                
Greige fabric 12 231-306 13 39 5 148 10 12
Scoured fabric 12   4 12 5 148 - 12
Bleached fabric 12   2 6 5 148 - 12
Bleaching                
Hydrogen peroxide 9-12 2.5-124 0.5 2 4 22 - 9-12
Sodium hypochlorite 9-12   1 4 4 5 - 9-12
Dyeing                
Fibre reactive HE dyes (woven) 12   6 24 - 180   12
Basic 6-7.5 149-300           6-7.5
Direct 6.5-7.6 14-53           6.5-7.6
Vats 5-10 8.3-166           5-10
Sulphur 8-10 24-212           8-10
SEV - Specific Effluent Volume
Table 27: Typical pollution loads from the processing of 100% cotton [122].