Figure 3: Representative immunostaining of rat ventral prostate of different groups. α-SMA and TNF-α immunoreactivity were dramatically increased in testosterone group (b and e). These increases were significantly reduced in the testosterone+ginseng group (c and f). On the other hand, testosterone group showed significant decrease of TGFβRI and Caspase-3 (hand k). Ginseng treatment caused significant increase of these markers (I and L). 400X. Graphs 4-7 show mean area % of positive α-SMA, TNF-α and TGFβRI immunoreactivity and mean percent of Caspase-3 positive cells between the different studied groups respectively.