Figure 3: Epithelial cell-phenotype differences between the mucosa and submucosa. Cancers with C-pattern invasion are likely to show similar phenotypes between the mucosa and submucosa, while phenotypes of cancers with P-pattern invasion are likely to differ between the two layers (rate of the same phenotypes: C-pattern 68% vs. P-pattern 28%, p = 0.008). In the submucosal layer, in particular, G-type is more frequently observed in cancers with P-pattern invasion than in those with C-pattern invasion (60% vs. 26%, p = 0.026). (a) C-pattern. (b) P-pattern.