Extraction conditions EC50 (µg/ml) Reducing power (OD700) Total phenol (g/g grape seed extracts) Yield (%) 5g grape seeds,3 hr. 290.67g ± 3.30 1.8776d ± 0.0446 0.1980e ± 0.0012 13.07ab ± 1.34 7.5g grape seed,3 hr. 270.47b ± 2.95 2.0193cd ± 0.0252 0.2226d ± 0.0011 10.86cd ± 0.13 10g grape seed,3 hr. 261.33a ± 4.86 2.1306bc ± 0.0303 0.2360cd ± 0.0010 11.78bcd ± 0.16 5g grape seed,6 hr. 276.67c ± 2.29 1.9023d ± 0.0216 0.2013e ± 0.0024 13.72a ± 0.24 7. g grape seed, 6 hr. 282.00de ± 2.31 2.0360cd ± 0.0674 0.2246d ± 0.0084 12.87ab ± 0.31 10g grape seed, 6 hr. 260.00a ± 3.86 2.2283a ± 0.0325 0.2633a ± 0.0014 11.73bcd ± 0.07 5g grape seed,9 hr. 287.33fg ± 4.20 2.0297cd ± 0.0234 0.2013e± 0.0007 13.55a ± 0.36 7.5g grape seed, 9 hr. 278.00c± 2.75 2.0043e ± 0.0315 0.2487ab ± 0.0046 12.28abc ± 1.51 10g grape seed, 9 hr. 259.33a ± 4.56 2.2248a ± 0.0040 0.2621a ± 0.0133 11.89bcd ± 0.16 5g grape seed,12 hr. 285.33ef ± 3.87 2.0127cd ± 0.0415 0.2040e ± 0.0027 13.24ab ± 0.09 7.5g grape seed,12 hr. 278.67cd ± 1.95 2.1983ab ± 0.0136 0.2460ab ± 0.0043 10.99cd ± 0.20 10g grape seed, 12 hr. 275.33c ± 0.61 2.0893c ± 0.0275 0.2580ab ± 0.0047 10.39d ± 0.10 Different letters indicate significant differences (P < 0.05) for values of one property down the column Values are means ± SE (with 3 replications)

Table 2: The properties and yield of GSE using 50% ethanol at room temperature, various amounts of grape seeds and extraction time.