Model name 3 mm 5 mm 7 mm
  R2 Χ2 RMSE R2 Χ2 RMSE R2 Χ2 RMSE
50°C
Newton 0.9898 8.15×10-4  0.03029 0.9914 2.32×10-4 0.02563 0.9899 8.03×10-4 0.02857
Page 0.9974 2.06×10-4 0.01456 0.9934 4.99×10-4 0.02275  0.9964 2.94×10-4 0.01729
Modified Page 0.9971 2.86×10-4 0.01656 0.9937 4.78×10-4 0.02206 0.9964 2.94×10-4 0.01729
Wang and Singh 0.9772 0.001800 0.04314 0.9755 0.00100 0.04355 0.9822 0.00140 0.03835
Henderson  0.9964 2.82×10-4  0.01704 0.9918 6.23×10-4 0.02519 0.9934 5.34×10-4 0.02330
Logarithmic 0.9939 4.69×10-4 0.02133 0.9934 4.99×10-4 0.02275 0.9964 4.4×10-4 0.02132
Approximation of diffusion 0.9974 2.09×10-4 0.01487 0.9914 6.52×10-4 0.02599 0.9965 2.86×10-4 0.01720
Modified Page Equation-II 0.8281 0.0013 0.01201 0.9937 4.78×10-4 0.02225 0. 9964 2.94×10-4 0.01743
Midilli 0.9979 1.7×10-4 0.01357 0.9943 4.32×10-4 0.02135 0.9887 0.00033 0.05884
65˚C
Newton  0.9834 0.00100  0.03971 0.9815 0.001 0.04237 0.9873 0.00100 0.03282
Page 0.9969 2.65×10-4 0.01101 0.9951 4.14×10-4 0.0256 0.9962 3.24×10-4 0.0182
Modified Page 0.9968 2.95×10-4 0.01501 0.9949 4.14×10-4 0.06515  0.9962 3.24×10-4  0.0182
Wang and Singh 0.9936 6.04×10-4 0.02508  0.9948 4.9×10-4 0.02242  0.9944 4.76×10-4 0.02205
Henderson 0.9883 0.001 0.03408 0.9909 8.58×10-4 0.02966 0.9908 0.00070 0.02820
Logarithmic 0.9935 6.16×10-4 0.02591 0.9961 3.79×10-4 0.01995 0.9965 3.2×10-4 0.01818
Approximation of diffusion 0.9931 3.02×10-4 0.01253 0.9916 4.11×10-4 0.01573 0.9889 9.78×10-4 0.03189
Modified Page equation-II  0.9834 0.001  0.03971 0.9810 0.00014 0.04237 0.9873 0.00100 0.03282
Midilli et al. 0.9978 1.65×10-4 0.01101 0.9738 0.00023 0.006515 0.9962 3.24×10-4 0.01820
80°C
Newton 0.9949 0.0003 0.01919  0.9864 0.0012 0.03536 0.9808 0.001 0.04258
Page 0.9972 0.0001 0.01298 0.9953 2.65×10-4 0.01826  0.9967 2.03×10-4 0.012803
Modified Page 0.9968 0.00012  0.01398 0.9962 2.41×10-4 0.02123  0.9967 2.11×10-4 0.018752
Wang and Singh 0.9282 0.00500  0.07371 0.9945 5.08×10-4 0.02292 0.9960 0.0003 0.01968
Henderson 0.9965 0.00020 0.01635 0.9910 8.23×10-4 0.02917 0.9899 0.0009 0.03125
Logarithmic 0.9965 0.00020 0.01665 0.9975 0.000300 0.02041 0.9965 0.00033 0.01864
Approximation of diffusion 0.9967 0.000123 0.01585 0.9984 2.67×10-4 0.012787 0.9966 0.00012 0.01416
Modified Page equation-II 0.9977 0.00012 0.01327 0.9802 0.00100 0.04437 0.9941 0.00021 0.02179
Midilli et al. 0.9987 1.54×10-4 0.01316 0.9974 5.12×10-5 0.007535 0.9967 0.00012 0.005876
95°C
Newton 0.9967 0.00015 0.01993 0.9833 0.00157 0.03962 0.9882 9.99×10-4 0.03162
Page 0.9968 0.00016 0.02078 0.9975 2.33×10-4 0.01558  0.9947 4.49×10-4 0.02152
Modified Page 0.9958 0.000172 0.02378 0.9974 2.03×10-4 0.01456 0.9947 4.49×10-4 0.02152
Wang and Singh 0.9686 0.00200 0.05266 0.9976 0.00020 0.01545 0.9945 4.65×10-4  0.02189
Henderson 0.9971 0.00011 0.01929 0.9873 0.00110 0.03519 0.9894 9.0×10-4 0.03044
Logarithmic 0.9958 0.00019 0.02039 0.9962 3.56×10-4 0.0196 0.9946 1.21×10-4 0.01136
Approximation of diffusion 0.7352 0.02220 0.01571 0.5400 0.043300 0.02166 0.6180 0.03200 0.01856
Modified Page equation-II 0.9971 0.00013 0.01668 0.9833 0.00157 0.04112 0.9924 6.45×10-4 0.02617
Midilli et al. 0.9979 0.000092 0.01044 0.9962 1.58×10-4 0.01349 0.9955 1.28×10-4 0.01187
Table 2: Statistical data obtained of various thin-layer drying models.