Pre-treatment Method Harvesting periods (months) Temperature (°C)
60 70 80 90
Untreated 7 1.75 ± 0.04gh 1.83 ± 0.04de 5.66 ± 0.06d 9.00 ± 0.01e
8 2.46 ± 0.09cd 2.66 ± 0.06b 4.52 ± 0.11f 9.07 ± 0.08de
9 1.46 ± 0.09i 1.79 ± 0.15de 5.81 ± 0.10cd 10.33 ± 0.04a
10 2.28 ± 0.35de 2.19 ± 0.18bcd 1.99 ± 0.01l 10.26 ± 0.03ab
11 1.38 ± 0.06i 1.94 ± 0.08cde 1.93 ± 0.01l 9.38 ± 0.11cd
Soaking (ambient temperature) 7 2.27 ± 0.10de 1.85 ± 0.06de 4.88 ± 0.11e 7.52 ± 0.21hi
8 2.21 ± 0.08f 1.88 ± 0.01de 4.16 ± 0.09g 7.82 ± 0.09gh
9 1.47 ± 0.05hi 1.63 ± 0.04e 6.56 ± 0.08b 5.12 ± 0.13k
10 2.10 ± 0.12def 1.71 ± 0.11de 2.68 ± 0.07i 9.09 ± 0.02de
11 1.89 ± 0.04fg 1.81 ± 0.01de 3.17 ± 0.08h 9.96 ± 0.04b
Soaking (60°C) 7 2.28 ± 0.03cde 1.79 ± 0.01de 4.90 ± 0.02e 8.39 ± 0.06f
8 1.87 ± 0.05fg 1.71 ± 0.01de 2.13 ± 0.04kl 8.09 ± 0.02fg
9 2.28 ± 0.04de 1.88 ± 0.03de 3.93 ± 0.02g 6.40 ± 0.11j
10 2.64 ± 0.05c 2.39 ± 0.01bc 2.37 ± 0.05jk 9.48 ± 0.04c
11 2.00 ± 0.01efg 2.61 ± 0.12b 2.56 ± 0.08ij 10.44 ± 0.01a
Parboiled 7 6.57 ± 0.05a 6.58 ± 0.11a 6.77 ± 0.03b 6.43 ± 0.01j
8 6.53 ± 0.10a 6.10 ± 0.15a 5.95 ± 0.01c 6.17 ± 0.05j
9 5.92 ± 0.06b 6.18 ± 0.06a 6.51 ± 0.09b 6.48 ± 0.11j
10 5.81 ± 0.25b 6.53 ± 0.40a 6.79 ± 0.11b 7.71 ± 0.09hi
11 5.79 ± 0.11b 6.54 ± 0.06a 7.12 ± 0.04a 7.43 ± 0.10i
Values with the same superscript down the column were not significant different (p < 0.05)
Table 3: Effect harvesting period and pre-treatment methods on the swelling power of yellow trifoliate yam flour.