Number of strains Indicator strains Control* 1 2 3 4 Brochothrix thermosphacta (ATCC 11509) 11.0 ± 0.2 9.5 ± 0.1 NA NA NA Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 23655) NA NA 8.0 ± 0.2 NA NA Escherichia coli (CCUG 20570) NA NA NA NA NA Lactobacillus 30A (ATCC 33222) NA NA NA NA NA Listeria monocytogenes (NCTC 11994) 9.5 ± 0.1 12.0 ± 0.2 9.4 ± 0.5 11.0 ± 0.1 11.0 ± 0.1 Leuconostoc mesenteroides (NCFB 963) NA 8.0 ± 0.1 NA NA NA Pseudomonas putida (ATCC 12842) NA NA NA NA NA Pseudomonas fluoroscens (ATCC 13430) NA NA NA NA NA Salmonella enteritidis (ATCC 29629) NA NA NA NA NA Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 35845) 10.0 ± 0.2 9.5 ± 0.5 9.0 ± 0.5 8.5 ± 0.5 8.5 ± 0.5 Yersinia enterocolitica (ATCC 9610) NA NA NA NA NA

Table 3: Antimicrobial activity of extracellular extracts obtained from strains isolated from AVSP showing bacteriocin activity (*The nisin-producing strain Lactococcus lactis (ATCC 11454) was included as a positive control. Results are expressed as diameters of the inhibition zone and standard deviations in millimetres. AVSP: advanced packaging system; NA: No activity; ATCC: American Type Culture Collection, USA; CCUG: Culture Collection University of Göteborg; NCBF: National Collection of Food Bacteria (UK); NCTC: UK National Collection of Type Cultures).