| Vector |
Therapeutic gene and clinical setting |
Reference(s) |
| |
naked nucleic acids |
transforming growth factor β antisense inhibitor, phase III |
[29] |
| Viruses |
replication-defective (adenoviruses and retroviruses) |
HSV-tk, phases II, III |
[30-33] |
| replication-competent (retroviruses) |
bacterial CD, phase I/II |
A |
| oncolytic (herpes simplex G207) |
phase 1b |
[34] |
| oncolytic (adenoviruses ONIX-015) |
phase 1 |
[35] |
| Lipid-based nanoparticles |
cationic liposomes |
interferon-β, phase I/II |
[36] |
| cationic liposomes |
HSV-tk, phase I/II |
[37] |
| cationic liposomes |
interleukin-12 carried by RD Semliki Forest virus, phase I/II |
[38] |
| Stem cells |
neural stem cells |
bacterial CD, phase I |
B |
Gene therapy-based clinical trials that were conducted (or are currently ongoing) for the treatment of high grade gliomas. The type of delivery vehicle, therapeutic gene
and clinical trial stage are indicated. A: http://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT01156584; B: http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01172964. HSV-tk: Herpes simplex virus type 1
thymidine kinase; CD: Cytosine deaminase; RD: Replication- defective. |
