Polymeric |
Modification |
NP Preparation Method |
% EE* |
Status |
References |
PLGA |
― |
emulsion-solvent evaporation |
85 |
in-vitro |
[14] |
PLGA , PLGA-PEG, PCL-PEG |
nanoprecipitation |
70 |
in-vivo |
[15] |
Poloxamer 188 |
interfacial deposition |
>90 |
in-vitro |
[16] |
TPGS [emulsifier] |
emulsion-solvent evaporation |
100 |
in-vitro |
[24] |
DLPC [emulsifier] |
emulsion-solvent evaporation |
15-56 |
in-vitro |
[28] |
DPPC [emulsifier] |
emulsion-solvent evaporation |
34-45 |
in-vitro |
[29] |
chitosan |
emulsion-solvent evaporation |
75-79 |
in-vitro |
[19] |
DMAB |
emulsion-solvent evaporation |
47 |
in-vivo |
[21] |
MMT |
emulsion-solvent evaporation |
~50 |
in-vitro |
[30] |
MMT
HER2 [targeting] |
emulsion-solvent evaporation |
~50 |
in-vitro |
[31] |
RGD [targeting] |
emulsion-solvent evaporation |
60-65 |
in-vivo |
[32] |
pluronic P85
transferrin [targeting] |
nanoprecipitation |
70-76 |
in-vivo |
[33] |
PCL |
PEO-PCL |
solvent displacement |
>95 |
in-vivo |
[63, 64] |
PCL-pluronic F68 |
emulsion-solvent evaporation |
84 |
in-vivo |
[72] |
PCL-pluronic F68
DMAB |
modified solvent displacement |
76-88 |
in-vivo |
[193] |
mPEG-PCL
Angiopep [targeting] |
emulsion and evaporation |
90 |
in-vivo |
[67, 68] |
mPEG-PCL |
solid dispersion |
98 |
in-vivo |
[69] |
PVP-b-PCL |
modified nanoprecipitation |
85 |
in-vivo |
[73] |
PEG-PCL |
co-solvent extraction |
― |
in-vivo |
[66] |
PEG-PCL
folic acid [targeting] |
dialysis |
― |
in-vitro |
[70] |
PCL-g-PVA |
dialysis |
― |
in-vitro |
[74] |
PEtOz-PCL |
dialysis |
5-76 |
in-vitro |
[75] |
PCL-PEEP
galactosamine [targeting] |
dialysis |
― |
in-vitro |
[76] |
PLA |
PLA-PEG [diblock] |
thin film |
65 |
in-vivo |
[49] |
PLA-PEO [star-branch] |
solvent evaporation |
6-56 |
in-vitro |
[48] |
PVA-PEG |
solvent evaporation |
20-62 |
in-vitro |
[50] |
Poly[γ-glutamic acid] galactosamine [targeting] |
solvent evaporation |
50-54 |
in-vivo |
[51] |
PLA-PEG-PLA
PEG-PLA-PEG |
solvent evaporation |
14-31 |
in-vivo |
[52, 53] |
Chitosan |
cholanic acid |
dialysis |
92 |
in-vivo |
[78, 194] |
oligomer |
dialysis |
97 |
in-vivo |
[79] |
glyceryl monooleate |
emulsion-solvent evaporation |
98-100 |
in-vitro |
[80] |
mPEG, cholesterol |
dialysis |
70 |
in-vivo |
[81] |
N-acetyl histidine |
― |
― |
in-vitro |
[82] |
stearic acid, glutaraldehyde |
ultrasonication |
94-99 |
in-vitro |
[83] |
Gelatin |
― |
desolvation |
> 80 |
in-vivo |
[109-112] |
HA |
― |
desolvation |
90 |
in-vivo |
[95] |
oligomer |
dialysis |
― |
in-vitro |
[96] |
PBCA |
pluronic F127 |
miniemulsion |
80 |
in-vitro |
[98] |
chitosan |
dialysis |
90 |
in-vivo |
[99] |
surfactants [dextran 70, cholesterol, PVA, and lecithin] |
Polymerization |
60-80 |
in-vitro |
[100] |
Albumin |
― |
high-pressure homogenization |
― |
approved |
[88] |
CREKA and LyP-1 peptides [targeting] |
― |
― |
in-vivo |
[91] |
folic acid [targeting] |
desolvation |
95 |
in-vitro |
[92] |
octaldehyde |
dialysis |
90 |
in-vitro |
[93] |
HPG |
PEG, PEI |
solvent evaporation |
― |
in-vivo |
[102] |
PEG-PE |
EPC, solid triglycerides, cationic Lipofectin lipids |
solvent evaporation |
~100% |
in-vivo |
[103-106] |