Abbreviations: w/o treatment, without treatment; IO-TRAIL, IO/HSA-TRAIL; SD, standard deviation;

Figure 4: Viability of: (A) A172 GBM cells after treatment with IO/HSA control NPs, IO/HSA-TRAIL (5 ng/ml of TRAIL) NPs, DOX (31 ng/ml), DOX (62 ng/ml), DOX (125 ng/ml) or in combinations; (B) U87 GBM cells after treatment with IO/ HSA control NPs, IO/HSA-TRAIL NPs (100 or 10 ng/ml), DOX (80 or 20 ng/ml) or their combinations; (C) HCT116 colon cancer cells after treatment with IO/HSA control NPs, IO/HSA-TRAIL NPs (5 ng/ml), DOX (15, 31 or 62 ng/ml) or their combinations; (D) SW620 colon cancer cells after treatment with IO/HSA control NPs, IO/HSA-TRAIL NPs(4 or 20 ng/ml), DOX (31 ng/ml) or their combinations as determined using XTT assay (n=4, mean ± SD). **, P<0.01 from IO/HSA-TRAIL.