Figure 2: Resveratrol enhances the osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs in 2Dculture. (A) Calcium expression was the greatest at all time points for hMSCscultured in osteogenic medium in the presence of resveratrol. (B) AlizarinRed S staining confirmed enhanced calcium deposition by hMSCs culturedin osteogenic medium with resveratrol at day 21, scale bar is 100 μm. (C)ALP expression levels were the highest for hMSCs cultured in osteogenicmedium with resveratrol for each time point, followed by osteogenic mediumand basal medium supplemented with resveratrol. (D) ALP staining of hMSCsat day 21 cultured in osteogenic medium with resveratrol, scale bar is 100μm. (E) qRT-PCR gene expression of hMSCs cultured in basal medium,basal media + 12.5 μM resveratrol, osteogenic medium, and osteogenicmedium + 12.5 μM resveratrol. At days 14 and 21, the highest level of BGLAPwas detected in hMSCs cultured in osteogenic medium supplemented withresveratrol. (F) Osteocalcin staining of day 21 hMSCs cultured in osteogenicmedium + 12.5 μM resveratrol, scale bar is 50 μm. All experiments were donein triplicate. Data points are plotted as mean ± SD (n = 3). A single asteriskdenotes significantly (P ≤ 0.05) higher as compared to groups denoted by twoasterisks. Two asterisks denotes significantly (P ≤ 0.05) higher as comparedto groups denoted by three asterisks.