| Classes |
Techniques |
Acting Principle |
Microorganism |
Reference |
| Physical/ Mechanical Disruption |
Thermolysis |
Disruption of Cell wall by the affect of ionic strength, pH and temperature with chelating agent |
|
[67,68] |
| Ultrasonication |
Ultrasonic waves, followed by centrifugation |
Bacillus flexus |
[68] |
| Bead Mill |
Grinding cylinder containing beads made of wear resistant materials like glass, alumina, titanium carbide, zirconium oxide and zirconium silicate is driven by motor |
Alcaligenes latus |
[60,67,69] |
| High Pressure Homogenizer |
Disrupter fitted with a displacement pump monitors the pressure and a discharge valve to homogenize the solution pushed through pump |
Gram Negative Bacteria |
[70] |
| Chemical Disruption |
Alkali Treatment |
Exposure to basic pH (mild alkaline hydrolysis) |
Bacillus flexus |
[69] |
| Detergent Solubilization |
Detergents like SDS, CTAB, Triton X 100, Saponins, Tween 20 and Tween 80 etc, are used |
Ralstonia eutropha |
[67,71,72] |
| Cell Wall Permeabilisation |
Organic solvents like toluene, acetone, chloroform and ethylene carbonate are used, followed by non-solvent precipitation |
Bacillus cereus SPV and Cupriavidus necator, respectively. |
[73,74] |
| Enzymatic Disruption |
Lytic enzymes in medium with detergent or chelating agent |
Cupriavidus necator |
[75,76] |
|
